TABLES: Family Planning Clinic Services in the United States: Patterns and Trends in the Late 1990s

	Family Planning Perspectives Volume 33, Number 3, May/June 2001
	Family Planning Clinic Services in the United States: Patterns and Trends in the Late 1990s TABLES

Table 1. Number and percentage distribution of publicly funded family planning agencies and mean number of clinics per agency in 1994 and 1997, and percentage change between those years, by provider type and Title X funding status
Type and funding	Agencies				Net change in N	Mean no. of clinics per agency
	1994		1997		Net change in N	Mean no. of clinics per agency
	N	%	N	%	%	1994	1997	% change In mean
All agencies	3,119	100.0	3,117	100.0	-0.1	2.28	2.31	1.2
Provider type
Community/migrant health center	513	16.4	553	17.7	7.8	2.38	2.72	14.5
Health department	1,413	45.3	1,429	45.8	1.1	2.21	2.03	-8.1
Hospital	534	17.1	468	15.0	-12.4	1.47	1.62	10.5
Planned Parenthood	159	5.1	137	4.4	-13.8	5.89	6.66	13.0
Other	500	16.0	530	17.0	6.0	2.12	2.13	0.7
Title X funding
Yes*	1,868	59.9	1,894	60.8	1.4	2.25	2.25	0.0
No	1,251	40.1	1,223	39.2	-2.2	2.33	2.41	3.2
*Receives Title X funding at some or all agency sites.

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Table 2. Number and percentage distribution of publicly funded family planning clinics in 1994 and 1997, percentage change between years and numbers of clinics that closed and opened between 1994 and 1997, by selected characteristics
Characteristic	1994		1997		Net change		Clinic turnover, 1994-1997
	1994		1997		Net change		Closed*	Opened*	Reclassified†
	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	N	Reclassified†
Total	7,122	100.0	7,206	100.0	84	1.2	990	1,074	na
Community/migrant health center	1,219	17.1	1,504	20.9	285	23.4	193	458	20
Health department	3,124	43.9	2,902	40.3	-222	-7.1	390	187	-19
Hospital	784	11.0	759	10.5	-25	-3.2	153	111	17
Planned Parenthood	937	13.2	912	12.7	-25	-2.7	97	61	11
Other	1,058	14.9	1,129	15.7	71	6.7	157	257	-29
Title X funding
Yes	4,202	59.0	4,261	59.1	59	1.4	390	346	103
No	2,920	41.0	2,945	40.9	25	0.9	600	728	-103
Metropolitan location
Yes	3,789	53.2	3,870	53.7	81	2.1	585	665	1
No	3,333	46.8	3,336	46.3	3	0.1	405	409	-1
Region‡
Region I	317	4.5	314	4.4	-3	-0.9	47	44	na
Region II	481	6.8	506	7.0	25	5.2	55	80	na
Region III	780	11.0	750	10.4	-30	-3.8	131	101	na
Region IV	1,622	22.8	1,647	22.9	25	1.5	173	198	na
Region V	992	13.9	995	13.8	3	0.3	143	146	na
Region VI	1,056	14.8	1,061	14.7	5	0.5	182	187	na
Region VII	399	5.6	412	5.7	13	3.3	42	55	na
Region VIII	348	4.9	352	4.9	4	1.1	54	58	na
Region IX	796	11.2	828	11.5	32	4.0	118	150	na
Region X	331	4.6	341	4.7	10	3.0	45	55	na
Clinics opening or closing include both clinics that opened or closed and clinics that started or stopped offering contraceptive services. †Net number of clinics that were reclassified within the categories of type, Title X funding or metropolitan status. ‡The 10 U.S. regions are constituted as follows: Region I--Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Region II--New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands; Region III--Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia; Region IV--Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee; Region V--Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio and Wisconsin; Region VI--Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas; Region VII--Iowa, Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska; Region VIII--Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah and Wyoming; Region IX--Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, American Samoa, Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, Marshall Islands, Mariana Islands and Palau; Region X--Alaska, Idaho, Oregon and Washington. Note:* na=not applicable.

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Table 3. Number (in 000s) and percentage distribution of all female contraceptive clients served by publicly funded family planning providers and mean number of contraceptive clients per clinic in 1994 and 1997, and percentage change between the two years, by selected characteristics
Characteristic	Contraceptive clients					Mean no. of clients per clinic
	1994		1997		Net change in N	1994	1997	% change
	N	%	N	%	%	1994	1997	% change
All	6,572	100.0	6,555	100.0	-0.3	923	910	-1.4
Provider type
Community/migrant health center	601	9.1	681	10.4	13.3	493	453	-8.2
Health department	2,127	32.4	2,298	35.1	8.0	681	792	16.3
Hospital	1,034	15.7	818	12.5	-20.9	1,319	1,077	-18.3
Planned Parenthood	1,943	29.6	1,875	28.6	-3.5	2,074	2,056	-0.9
Other	866	13.2	883	13.5	2.0	819	782	-4.4
Title X funding
Yes	4,222	64.2	4,291	65.5	1.6	1,005	1,007	0.3
No	2,350	35.8	2,263	34.5	-3.7	805	768	-4.5
Metropolitan location
Yes	4,887	74.4	4,806	73.3	-1.7	1,290	1,242	-3.7
No	1,684	25.6	1,748	26.7	3.8	505	524	3.7

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Table 4. Number and percentage distribution of publicly funded family planning clinics and contraceptive clients, mean number of clients served per clinic, and percentage of all clients who are younger than 20, all by provider type and Title X funding, according to region, 1997
Region*	Total		Type of provider					Title X-funded sites
Region*	N	%	Community health center	Health department	Hospital	Planned Parenthood	Other	Title X-funded sites
All clinics	7,206	100.0	20.9	40.3	10.5	12.7	15.7	59.1
Region I	314	100.0	29.9	0.3	16.9	15.9	36.9	58.0
Region II	506	100.0	22.9	16.8	22.1	24.7	13.4	56.1
Region III	750	100.0	21.5	37.5	16.1	10.0	14.9	79.9
Region IV	1,647	100.0	22.0	69.5	2.9	3.4	2.1	71.5
Region V	995	100.0	20.5	26.5	13.4	21.8	17.8	44.5
Region VI	1,061	100.0	15.5	44.1	10.1	10.7	19.7	54.9
Region VII	412	100.0	13.1	35.2	7.5	13.8	30.3	71.6
Region VIII	352	100.0	20.7	33.5	13.9	13.6	18.2	48.6
Region IX	828	100.0	22.7	29.0	9.5	15.3	23.4	41.3
Region X	341	100.0	25.5	45.5	7.6	12.9	8.5	54.3
Mean no. of clients per clinic	910	na	453	792	1,077	2,056	782	1,007
Region I	1,056	na	514	†	1,313	2,260	852	1,119
Region II	1,124	na	683	596	1,323	1,718	1,118	1,225
Region III	826	na	326	715	1,078	1,859	858	845
Region IV	815	na	308	906	1,403	1,648	973	898
Region V	1,024	na	561	825	1,028	2,023	627	1,286
Region VI	817	na	428	635	1,023	1,992	787	852
Region VII	740	na	473	464	746	2,088	560	805
Region VIII	649	na	407	520	599	1,616	478	767
Region IX	1,188	na	582	1,048	989	2,819	959	1,625
Region X	850	na	461	722	971	2,194	549	1,008
All clients	6,554,540	100.0	10.4	35.1	12.5	28.6	13.5	65.5
Region I	331,530	100.0	14.6	0.5	21.0	34.1	29.8	61.4
Region II	568,840	100.0	13.9	8.9	26.0	37.8	13.4	61.2
Region III	619,370	100.0	8.5	32.5	21.1	22.5	15.5	81.7
Region IV	1,343,040	100.0	8.3	77.3	5.0	6.9	2.5	78.7
Region V	1,018,920	100.0	11.2	21.4	13.4	43.1	10.9	55.9
Region VI	866,370	100.0	8.1	34.3	12.6	26.0	19.0	57.3
Region VII	304,920	100.0	8.4	22.0	7.6	39.0	23.0	77.8
Region VIII	228,600	100.0	13.0	26.9	12.8	33.9	13.4	57.4
Region IX	983,260	100.0	11.1	25.6	7.9	36.4	18.9	56.5
Region X	289,700	100.0	13.9	38.6	8.7	33.3	5.5	64.4
Clients aged <20 as % of all clients	28.2	na	27.6	28.5	32.1	25.6	29.5	28.5
Region I	28.1	na	25.0	28.4	31.6	26.0	29.6	28.6
Region II	26.3	na	23.2	24.4	29.9	25.7	25.5	26.5
Region III	31.2	na	32.1	31.8	30.6	30.7	31.2	31.2
Region IV	30.6	na	34.3	30.5	31.4	22.6	40.8	30.6
Region V	31.0	na	28.7	32.1	32.7	29.4	35.5	32.9
Region VI	26.7	na	26.3	24.6	30.4	23.9	32.1	26.5
Region VII	27.1	na	25.0	29.0	29.8	26.8	25.8	27.9
Region VIII	28.9	na	29.5	27.8	41.1	25.3	27.5	30.1
Region IX	22.2	na	23.9	18.3	38.1	19.9	24.0	20.0
Region X	29.5	na	24.2	31.7	35.0	27.3	31.7	30.2
See Table 2 for composition of regions. †Too few cases to calculate average. Note:* na=not applicable.

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Table 5. Number and percentage of U.S. counties with publicly funded family planning clinic, with Title X-funded clinic and with any clinic but no private obstetrician-gynecologist provider, and percentage of women in need of publicly funded family planning services living in those counties, all by state, 1997
State	Total no. of counties	Counties with clinic			Counties with Title X-funded clinic			Counties with clinic, but no ob-gyn
State	Total no. of counties	N	%	% of women in need living in these counties*	N	%	% of women in need living in these counties*	N	%	% of women in need living in these counties*
U.S. total	3,139	2,651	84.5	98.0	2,289	72.9	92.9	1,118	36.4	6.5
Alabama	67	67	100.0	100.0	67	100.0	100.0	30	44.8	14.3
Alaska	25	19	76.0	95.2	2	8.0	48.2	u	u	u
Arizona	15	15	100.0	100.0	11	73.3	96.4	3	20.0	1.2
Arkansas	75	75	100.0	100.0	75	100.0	100.0	44	58.7	26.3
California	58	55	94.8	100.0	34	58.6	92.7	5	8.6	0.2
Colorado	63	50	79.4	99.0	42	66.7	88.1	24	38.1	4.6
Connecticut	8	8	100.0	100.0	7	87.5	96.1	0	0.0	0.0
Delaware	3	3	100.0	100.0	3	100.0	100.0	0	0.0	0.0
D.C.	1	1	100.0	100.0	1	100.0	100.0	0	0.0	0.0
Florida	67	67	100.0	100.0	67	100.0	100.0	22	32.8	3.2
Georgia	159	159	100.0	100.0	159	100.0	100.0	86	54.1	15.9
Hawaii	4	4	100.0	100.0	4	100.0	100.0	0	0.0	0.0
Idaho	44	37	84.1	95.0	34	77.3	93.8	22	50.0	17.1
Illinois	102	65	63.7	95.1	60	58.8	93.8	24	23.5	3.7
Indiana	92	54	58.7	86.7	28	30.4	71.2	14	15.2	5.2
Iowa	99	57	57.6	84.2	56	56.6	83.6	39	39.4	21.6
Kansas	105	78	74.3	94.0	77	73.3	93.9	53	50.5	15.7
Kentucky	120	119	99.2	99.6	119	99.2	99.6	66	55.0	23.5
Louisiana	64	63	98.4	99.4	63	98.4	99.4	29	45.3	13.3
Maine	16	16	100.0	100.0	16	100.0	100.0	1	6.3	1.3
Maryland	24	24	100.0	100.0	23	95.8	98.4	3	12.5	1.9
Massachusett	14	14	100.0	100.0	14	100.0	100.0	1	7.1	0.1
Michigan	83	82	98.8	100.0	80	96.4	99.2	27	32.5	5.7
Minnesota	87	62	71.3	93.1	28	32.2	63.5	29	33.3	11.4
Mississippi	82	81	98.8	99.9	79	96.3	98.9	49	59.8	29.6
Missouri	115	107	93.0	97.9	77	67.0	83.0	73	63.5	20.5
Montana	56	31	55.4	90.4	27	48.2	84.8	18	32.1	17.3
Nebraska	93	22	23.7	71.7	21	22.6	71.4	10	10.8	5.6
Nevada	17	15	88.2	99.8	14	82.4	99.7	10	58.8	5.9
New Hampshire	10	10	100.0	100.0	10	100.0	100.0	0	0.0	0.0
New Jersey	21	21	100.0	100.0	21	100.0	100.0	0	0.0	0.0
New Mexico	33	33	100.0	100.0	33	100.0	100.0	12	36.4	6.0
New York	62	61	98.4	99.9	61	98.4	99.9	3	4.8	0.6
North Carolina	100	100	100.0	100.0	99	99.0	93.4	29	29.0	6.8
North Dakota	53	18	34.0	79.6	14	26.4	74.1	9	17.0	12.6
Ohio	88	81	92.0	98.4	62	70.5	91.0	12	13.6	2.6
Oklahoma	77	70	90.9	99.0	69	89.6	97.9	43	55.8	24.3
Oregon	36	35	97.2	100.0	34	94.4	99.8	10	27.8	3.0
Pennsylvania	67	64	95.5	99.5	63	94.0	99.4	3	4.5	0.4
Rhode Island	5	4	80.0	96.1	4	80.0	96.1	0	0.0	0.0
South Carolina	46	46	100.0	100.0	46	100.0	100.0	12	26.1	9.5
South Dakota	66	28	42.4	76.3	18	27.3	70.4	15	22.7	12.0
Tennessee	95	95	100.0	100.0	95	100.0	100.0	47	49.5	15.1
Texas	254	200	78.7	97.8	117	46.1	88.3	109	42.9	6.4
Utah	29	24	82.8	98.9	13	44.8	82.1	11	37.9	4.8
Vermont	14	13	92.9	99.1	10	71.4	60.3	1	7.1	1.1
Virginia	136	121	89.0	84.7	116	85.3	81.9	44†	44.0†	14.1†
Washington	39	35	89.7	99.0	31	79.5	97.4	8	20.5	1.9
West Virginia	55	54	98.2	99.6	53	96.4	98.7	26	47.3	22.9
Wisconsin	72	65	90.3	97.6	16	22.2	52.5	30	41.7	13.0
Wyoming	23	23	100.0	100.0	16	69.6	91.1	12	52.2	19.5
Women in need of publicly funded contraceptive services include women aged 20-44 who are at risk of unintended pregnancy and whose income is less than 250% of the federal poverty level, plus all women younger than 20 who are at risk of unintended pregnancy because they are sexually active, fecund, and not currently pregnant or seeking pregnancy. †Because data on private providers are unavailable for 36 counties in Virginia, includes only the 100 counties with complete data. Note:* u=unavailable.

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Table 6. Estimated number of women in need of publicly funded family planning services, number of women served at publicly funded family planning clinics and Title X-funded clinics, and ratio of women served at publicly funded clinics and Title X-funded clinics to women in need, by state, 1997
State	No. of women in need of publicly funded services*	No. of women served at publicly funded clinics	No. of women served at Title X-funded clinics	Ratio of women served at publicly junded clinics to women in need†	Ratio of women served at TitleX-funded clinics to women in need†
U.S. total‡	16,512,850	6,507,050	4,250,640	39.4	25.7
Alabama	278,510	109,470	81,150	39.3	29.1
Alaska	32,480	19,170	4,510	59.0	13.9
Arizona	285,720	108,760	43,910	38.1	15.4
Arkansas	156,590	90,890	75,860	58.0	48.4
California	2,205,920	796,630	442,750	36.1	20.1
Colorado	224,100	105,850	45,870	47.2	20.5
Connecticut	165,640	90,880	44,860	54.9	27.1
Delaware	39,080	19,800	19,410	50.7	49.7
D.C.	41,430	16,920	7,910	40.8	19.1
Florida	804,780	370,380	273,180	46.0	33.9
Georgia	456,820	202,920	179,290	44.4	39.2
Hawaii	59,210	21,930	21,910	37.0	37.0
Idaho	69,750	40,790	35,560	58.5	51.0
Illinois	701,090	230,430	141,910	32.9	20.2
Indiana	363,650	154,880	63,300	42.6	17.4
Iowa	166,630	86,440	73,390	51.9	44.0
Kansas	155,260	61,810	43,080	39.8	27.7
Kentucky	247,150	144,400	128,760	58.4	52.1
Louisiana	314,000	63,800	55,580	20.3	17.7
Maine	83,550	38,080	30,370	45.6	36.4
Maryland	257,430	92,890	65,180	36.1	25.3
Massachusetts	356,320	124,840	68,250	35.0	19.2
Michigan	599,680	246,170	159,300	41.1	26.6
Minnesota	255,870	89,620	45,230	35.0	17.7
Mississippi	193,330	127,320	104,050	65.9	53.8
Missouri	338,630	128,840	93,760	38.0	27.7
Montana	52,620	32,340	26,640	61.5	50.6
Nebraska	100,150	27,820	27,150	27.8	27.1
Nevada	89,620	33,020	24,310	36.8	27.1
New Hampshire	64,870	31,210	27,800	48.1	42.9
New Jersey	413,420	135,660	98,130	32.8	23.7
New Mexico	126,230	64,830	32,110	51.4	25.4
New York	1,199,410	408,600	232,000	34.1	19.3
North Carolina	445,980	179,340	118,590	40.2	26.6
North Dakota	40,300	15,910	13,450	39.5	33.4
Ohio	690,270	194,110	125,670	28.1	18.2
Oklahoma	209,450	94,450	64,640	45.1	30.9
Oregon	187,040	88,450	55,350	47.3	29.6
Pennsylvania	747,280	294,600	252,660	39.4	33.8
Rhode Island	63,350	25,160	21,440	39.7	33.8
South Carolina	246,980	108,260	89,590	43.8	36.3
South Dakota	47,260	24,220	17,130	51.3	36.3
Tennessee	336,410	100,960	82,130	30.0	24.4
Texas	1,290,080	552,400	268,420	42.8	20.8
Utah	127,900	36,230	16,920	28.3	13.2
Vermont	39,960	21,370	10,980	53.5	27.5
Virginia	386,690	127,900	96,250	33.1	24.9
Washington	315,200	141,290	91,040	44.8	28.9
West Virginia	116,190	67,270	64,680	57.9	55.7
Wisconsin	296,390	103,720	34,160	35.0	11.5
Wyoming	27,180	14,060	11,090	51.7	40.8
American Samoa	u	4,310	4,310	u	u
Micronesia	u	9,130	9,130	u	u
Guam	u	3,260	3,260	u	u
Marshall Islands	u	3,000	3,000	u	u
Mariana Islands	u	2,160	2,160	u	u
Puerto Rico	u	22,050	15,330	u	u
Palau	u	1,070	1,070	u	u
U.S. Virgin Islands	u	2,520	2,520	u	u
Women aged 20-44 who are at risk of unintended pregnancy and whose income is less than 250% of the federal poverty level, plus women younger than 20 who are at risk of unintended pregnancy because they are sexually active, fecund, and not currently pregnant or seeking pregnancy. †Some women served may not be in need of publicly funded care, and other women in need of public care are served by private physicians under Medicaid. ‡The total number of women served at publicly subsidized family planning clinics does not include women served in U.S. territories, because estimates of the number of women in need of publicly funded family planning care are unavailable for the territories. Note:* u=unavailable.

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Table 7. Estimated number of teenage women in need of publicly funded family planning services, number of teenagers served at publicly funded family planning clinics and Title X-funded clinics, and ratio of teenagers served at publicly funded clinics and Title X-funded clinics to teenagers in need, by state, 1997
State	No. of women in need of publicly funded services*	No. of women served at publicly funded clinics	No. of women served at Title X-funded clinics	Ratio of women served at publicly junded clinics to women in need†	Ratio of women served at TitleX-funded clinics to women in need†
U.S. total‡	4,905,660	1,838,560	1,217,320	37.5	24.8
Alabama	95,690	36,140	27,730	37.8	29.0
Alaska	8,220	5,890	1,190	71.7	14.5
Arizona	68,480	23,530	10,980	34.4	16.0
Arkansas	50,870	27,410	23,610	53.9	46.4
California	536,330	175,180	84,380	32.7	15.7
Colorado	56,400	26,680	12,350	47.3	21.9
Connecticut	58,670	22,850	12,150	38.9	20.7
Delaware	13,950	5,480	5,390	39.3	38.6
D.C.	12,770	6,440	2,490	50.4	19.5
Florida	227,110	109,610	78,120	48.3	34.4
Georgia	153,060	60,060	52,970	39.2	34.6
Hawaii	15,310	7,900	7,880	51.6	51.5
Idaho	19,190	11,210	9,970	58.4	52.0
Illinois	227,940	69,830	44,960	30.6	19.7
Indiana	115,050	46,900	20,700	40.8	18.0
Iowa	50,850	25,100	21,530	49.4	42.3
Kansas	45,080	15,470	12,220	34.3	27.1
Kentucky	76,900	43,050	37,380	56.0	48.6
Louisiana	101,160	9,440	6,810	9.3	6.7
Maine	24,340	11,610	9,740	47.7	40.0
Maryland	87,420	30,980	21,310	35.4	24.4
Massachusetts	118,850	36,650	18,400	30.8	15.5
Michigan	190,220	79,920	54,800	42.0	28.8
Minnesota	77,820	28,150	15,130	36.2	19.4
Mississippi	70,390	41,450	33,080	58.9	47.0
Missouri	99,240	32,300	22,930	32.5	23.1
Montana	12,160	8,800	7,360	72.4	60.5
Nebraska	29,710	9,910	9,620	33.4	32.4
Nevada	21,820	9,460	5,980	43.4	27.4
New Hampshire	22,230	9,380	8,360	42.2	37.6
New Jersey	144,580	33,260	22,720	23.0	15.7
New Mexico	31,310	21,820	11,520	69.7	36.8
New York	359,120	109,940	64,730	30.6	18.0
North Carolina	148,370	53,840	38,440	36.3	25.9
North Dakota	11,420	4,660	3,790	40.8	33.2
Ohio	212,980	62,090	40,660	29.2	19.1
Oklahoma	62,040	32,460	21,090	52.3	34.0
Oregon	43,050	26,160	16,670	60.8	38.7
Pennsylvania	235,800	91,880	78,410	39.0	33.3
Rhode Island	20,550	7,040	6,410	34.2	31.2
South Carolina	83,900	35,420	30,780	42.2	36.7
South Dakota	13,460	9,040	5,560	67.1	41.3
Tennessee	105,460	31,500	24,870	29.9	23.6
Texas	359,470	140,350	68,570	39.0	19.1
Utah	37,310	12,290	6,870	32.9	18.4
Vermont	12,180	5,770	3,240	47.4	26.6
Virginia	125,950	37,400	29,990	29.7	23.8
Washington	75,790	42,110	28,440	55.6	37.5
West Virginia	36,300	21,160	20,460	58.3	56.4
Wisconsin	92,060	29,060	11,030	31.6	12.0
Wyoming	7,330	4,530	3,570	61.8	48.7
American Samoa	u	100	100	u	u
Micronesia	u	1,100	1,100	u	u
Guam	u	240	240	u	u
Marshall Islands	u	240	240	u	u
Mariana Islands	u	90	90	u	u
Puerto Rico	u	5,990	4,220	u	u
Palau	u	170	170	u	u
U.S. Virgin Islands	u	460	460	u	u
All women younger than 20 who are at risk of unintended pregnancy because they are sexually active, fecund, and not currently pregnant or seeking pregnancy. †Some teenage women served may not be in need of publicly funded care, and other women in need of public care are served by private physicians under Medicaid. ‡Total number of teenage women served at publicly subsidized family planning clinics does not include women served in territories, since estimates of the number of teenagers in need of publicly funded family planning care are unavailable for the U.S. territories. Note:* u=unavailable.