Family Planning Perspectives
Volume 33, Number 3, May/June 2001

 

Characteristics of Adolescents' Sexual
Partners and Their Association with Use
Of Condoms and Other Contraceptive Methods
TABLES


Table 1. Percentage distribution of sexually active adolescents, by selected characteristics, United States, 1994-1995
  N % SE
Age
<14 683 10.8 1.64
15-16 2,761 35.7 0.88
>=17 4,579 54.5 2.05
Race/ethnicity
White 3,895 62.0 3.29
Black 1,921 19.3 2.76
Latino 1,421 11.7 1.78
Other 782 7.1 0.74
Sex
Male 3,973 50.5 0.80
Female 4,051 49.5 0.80
Total 8,024 100.0 na
Notes: All Ns shown are unweighted; all percentages shown are weighted. SE=standard error, which is adjusted for clustering. na=not applicable.

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Table 2. Percentage distribution of adolescents' relationships, by characteristics of relationship between adolescents and their heterosexual partner, according to age, sex and race and ethnicity
Agreement Total Age Sex Race and ethnicity
  <14 15-16 >=17 X2 Male Female X2 White Black Latino Other X2
(N=17,266) (N=1,178) (N=5,496) (N=10,590)   (N=8,785) (N=8,481)   (N=8,265) (N=4,315) (N=2,978) (N=1,700)  
Race/ethnicity
Same 78.3 73.8 77.0 79.6 7.23* 77.9 78.7 0.35 86.6 84.6 57.5 23.4 95.80**
Different 21.7 26.2 23.0 20.4   22.1 21.4   13.4 15.4 42.5 76.6  
Age difference
>=2 years younger 12.6 2.7 7.2 16.8 104.70** 21.7 3.8 155.60** 12.1 12.3 16.4 11.3 6.96
Within 2 years 55.3 56.5 55.3 55.2   63.9 47.1   55.3 55.7 54.7 55.4  
>=2 years older 32.1 40.9 37.6 28.1   14.5 49.1   32.6 32.1 28.9 33.3  
Grade difference
>=2 grades lower 7.1 3.2 4.4 9.1 140.20** 11.9 2.5 134.30** 6.7 8.4 8.1 5.3 36.34**
Within 2 grades 52.6 61.0 54.4 50.4   63.1 42.5   51.8 53.4 51.2 58.7  
>=2 grades higher 22.1 29.1 28.8 17.5   10.8 32.9   22.8 24.3 16.2 19.3  
Not in school 18.3 6.8 12.3 23.1   14.2 22.1   18.7 13.9 24.5 16.7  
Neighborhood
Same 30.0 34.4 32.0 28.3 11.48** 29.5 30.6 0.76 29.0 30.3 33.3 32.3 3.29
Different 70.0 65.6 68.0 71.7   70.5 69.4   71.0 69.7 66.7 67.7  
School
Same 39.9 42.4 41.2 38.9 2.69 43.9 35.7 28.60** 41.2 39.0 35.3 38.5 6.79
Different 60.1 57.6 58.9 61.2   56.1 64.3   58.8 61.0 64.7 61.5  
Partner type
Romantic 80.6 80.6 81.0 80.5 0.29 78.0 83.4 26.66** 81.1 78.4 82.4 80.9 7.06
Nonromantic 19.4 19.4 19.0 19.5   22.0 16.6   19.0 21.6 17.6 19.1  
Duration of relationship
<1 month 41.8 53.4 44.7 38.6 50.53** 45.8 37.6 55.73** 40.0 46.9 42.0 42.1 21.51**
1-6 months 25.3 24.5 25.4 25.4   25.4 25.3   26.6 21.4 24.7 26.1 (0.00)
>6 months 32.9 22.1 29.9 36.0   28.8 37.1   33.4 31.7 33.3 31.8  
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 na 100.0 100.0 na 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 na
*p<.05. **p<.01. Note: na=not applicable.

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Table 3. Percentage of adolescent relationships in which condoms were ever used, condoms were ever used with other methods and any contraceptive method was ever used, by sex and race and ethnicity of respondent
Characteristic Any condom use Condom use plus other contraceptive Any contraceptive use
% SE % SE % SE
Total 59.4 0.9 25.3 0.9 63.9 0.9
Sex
Male 60.0 1.3 23.2 1.1 63.3 1.2
Female 58.8 1.1 27.5 1.1 64.6 1.1
Race/ethnicity
White 61.6 1.3 27.0 1.2 66.6 1.3
Black 56.6 1.4 24.9 1.8 59.9 1.2
Latino 54.5 3.0 20.6 1.8 58.1 2.7
Race/ethnicity by sex
White male 63.2 1.8 24.6 1.4 66.8 1.8
White female 60.1 1.4 29.1 1.5 66.5 1.5
Black male 55.9 2.2 24.1 2.2 58.5 2.1
Black female 57.5 2.5 25.9 2.3 61.6 2.5
Latino male 55.1 3.0 18.6 2.4 57.8 2.8
Latino female 53.6 4.1 23.3 2.2 58.5 3.5
Note: SE=standard error.

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Table 4. Odds ratios from generalized estimating equations models of the effects of partner's characteristics and respondent's characteristics on condom ever-use, by partner type
Variables All partners Romantic partners Nonromantic partners
Odds ratio p Odds ratio p Odds ratio p
Partner race/ethnicity
Same 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Different 1.16 .03 1.08 .28 1.34 .08
Partner age
>=2 years younger 0.97 .76 1.21 .06 0.59 .00
Within 2 years 1.00   1.00   1.00  
>=2 years older 0.79 .01 0.87 .10 0.74 .02
Partner grade
>=2 grades lower na na 0.79 .07 na na
Within 2 grades na na 1.00   na na
>=2 grades higher na na 0.95 .59 na na
Not in school na na 0.73 .00 na na
Partner neighborhood
Same 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Different 1.15 .01 1.13 .07 1.09 .48
Partner school
Same 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Different 0.79 .00 0.75 .00 1.15 .27
Relationship duration
<1 month 0.64 .00 0.68 .00 0.67 .02
1-6 months 0.66 .00 0.63 .00 0.84 .47
>6 months 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Relationship type
Romantic 1.88 .00 na na na na
Nonromantic 1.00   na na na na
Respondent race/ethnicity
White 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Black 1.00 .98 0.91 .30 1.82 .00
Latino 0.71 .02 0.72 .01 0.80 .27
Other 0.88 .43 0.73 .01 0.97 .91
Respondent sex
Male 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Female 0.82 .00 0.90 .20 0.66 .00
Respondent age
<14 years 0.88 .25 0.76 .05 1.16 .50
15-16 years 1.00 .99 1.01 .93 0.84 .17
>=17 years 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Interaction of partner age and respondent race/ethnicity
>=2 years younger
White 1.00   na na na na
Black 1.52 .04 na na na na
Latino 0.85 .36 na na na na
Other 0.64 .11 na na na na
Within 2 years of age
White 1.00   na na na na
Black 1.00   na na na na
Latino 1.00   na na na na
Other 1.00   na na na na
>=2 years older
White 1.00   na na na na
Black 1.16 .18 na na na na
Latino 1.11 .52 na na na na
Other 0.83 .47 na na na na
Chi square (df) 589.2 (20) 274.4 (16) 126.3 (13)
p-value .00 .00 .00
R2 .04 .02 .05
N 14,437 11,305 3,348
Note: na=not applicable.

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Table 5. Odds ratios from generalized estimating equations models of the effects of partner's characteristics, respondent's characteristics and relationship characteristics on ever-use of any contraceptive methods, by partner type
Variables Al partners Romantic partners Nonromantic partners
Odds ratio p Odds ratio p Odds ratio p
Partner race/ethnicity
Same 1.00   1.00   1.00
Different 1.13 .09 1.02 .76 1.43 .03
Partner age
>=2 years younger 0.94 .45 1.21 .08 0.62 .01
Within 2 years 1.00   1.00   1.00  
>=2 years older 0.71 .00 0.94 .48 0.84 .16
Partner grade
>=2 grades less na na 0.76 .07 na na
Within 2 grades na na 1   na na
>=2 grades more na na 0.97 .75 na na
Not in school na na 0.75 .00 na na
Partner neighborhood
Same 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Different 1.09 .17 1.07 .34 1.05 .37
Partner school
Same 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Different 0.76 .00 0.74 .00 1.05 .66
Relationship duration
<1 month 0.61 .00 0.66 .00 0.63 .02
1-6 months 0.63 .00 0.60 .00 0.79 .32
>=6 months 1.00   1.00   1.00
Relationship type
Romantic 1.97 .00 na na na na
Nonromantic 1.00 na na na na
Respondent race/ethnicity
White 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Black 0.97 .70 0.79 .01 1.56 .01
Latino 0.65 .00 0.67 .00 0.67 .05
Other 0.85 .25 0.77 .07 1.13 .59
Respondent sex
Male 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Female 0.81 .01 0.98 .83 0.70 .01
Respondent age
<14 years 0.76 .03 0.63 .01 1.16 .55
15-16 years 0.89 .07 0.88 .00 0.82 .12
>=17 years 1.00   1.00   1.00  
Interaction of partner age and respondent sex
>=2 years younger
Male 1.00   na na na na
Female 1.03 .90 na na na na
Within 2 years of age
Male 1.00   na na na na
Female 1.00   na na na na
>=2 years older
Male 1.00   na na na na
Female 1.38 .02 na na na na
Chi square (df) 593.2 (16) 273.1 (16) 100.3 (13)
p-value .00 .00 .00
R2 .04 .02 .04
N 14,437 11,305 3,348
Note: na=not applicable.

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